Portugal has decided not to proceed with plans to replace its aging U.S.-made F-16 fighter jets with the advanced F-35s, primarily due to the geopolitical uncertainties surrounding the Trump administration. This decision marks one of the first significant instances where actions by the U.S. president have potentially thwarted a lucrative arms deal.
Concerns over U.S. reliability and NATO implications
The Portuguese air force had recommended acquiring Lockheed Martin’s F-35 jets, but outgoing Defense Minister Nuno Melo expressed hesitance when questioned by Público, a Portuguese media outlet. He stated, “We cannot ignore the geopolitical environment in our choices. The recent position of the United States, in the context of NATO… must make us think about the best options, because the predictability of our allies is a greater asset to take into account.”
Amidst the significant realignments occurring under Trump’s leadership, which includes contentious remarks about annexing Greenland and threats directed at Canada, there is growing apprehension regarding the U.S. government’s decision-making concerning access to essential software updates and spare parts for the F-35. These components are crucial for ensuring the fighter jets remain fully operational.
“The world has changed… and this ally of ours… could bring limitations to use, maintenance, components, and everything that has to do with ensuring that aircraft will be operational and used in all types of scenarios,” Melo remarked.
Portugal’s strategic considerations and European alternatives
Melo further emphasized the need for Portugal to explore various options, particularly in light of European defense production capabilities. In contrast, Dutch Defense Minister Ruben Brekelmans indicated that the Netherlands would not be canceling its contract for the F-35 jets, highlighting a divergence in approach among NATO allies. Notably, Lisbon has yet to finalize any agreement regarding the F-35 purchase.
The context of this decision is further complicated by Portugal’s political landscape, as the country is preparing for a snap election following the collapse of its center-right government, prompting a reevaluation of defense priorities.